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Thursday, May 7, 2015

WE ALL WALK IN THE DARK



The ghost of Ingrid Berman was drinking her wine at my table 

when the ghost of Hemingway sat down beside her and opposite me, whiskey glass in hand. 

"What are you writing?"

"Next month's post for the Insecure Writer's Support Group, sir."

He snorted "If you have to have your hand held, then you have no business being a writer."


Ingrid raised an eyebrow in silent reproach at him as I glanced up from my laptop 

and looked at him through the bronze mists of Meilori's, saying low,

"You once said,

'Writing, at its best, is a lonely life.'"

He nodded, "I was right then.  I am double right now."

I smiled sadly,

"We all walk in the dark, sir.  But that doesn't mean we have to walk it alone."

"You trouble me sometimes, Roland."

Ingrid breathed, "And Roland gives me hope for the human race."

I said, "You once said writing had the the emotional and spiritual intensity and pure classic beauty” few other endeavors ever possess."

Hemingway gruffed, "Pay heed to your own wisdom and not to others if you would write true."

 "It never hurts to look in the past to see if you can find in it a better path to your future."

Hemingway snorted, "I need a drink after that."

He gulped the rest of his whiskey down.  "You want advice to give your friends?  Here's some:

When writing a novel a writer should create living people; people not characters.

A character is a caricature.

If a writer can make people live there may be no great characters in his book,

but it is possible that his book will remain as a whole; as an entity; as a novel.

If the people the writer is making talk of old masters; of music; of modern painting; of letters; or of science

then they should talk of those subjects in the novel.

If they do not talk of those subjects and the writer makes them talk of them he is a faker,

and if he talks about them himself to show how much he knows then he is showing off.

No matter how good a phrase or a simile he may have

if he puts it in where it is not absolutely necessary and irreplaceable he is spoiling his work for egotism.

Prose is architecture, not interior decoration, and the Baroque period is over." 


The ghost of F Scott Fitzgerald sat down lazily beside me.  "Posh, old boy.  Even my eyes glazed at that."

He smiled at me.  "I will tell you a secret about most writers:

I’m afraid the price for doing professional work is a good deal higher than they are prepared to pay at present.

You’ve got to sell your heart, your strongest reactions, not the little minor things that only touch you lightly, the little experiences that you might tell at dinner.

This is especially true when you begin to write,


when you have not yet developed the tricks of interesting people on paper, when you have none of the technique which it takes time to learn. 

When, in short, you have only your emotions to sell.

This is the experience of all writers.

It was necessary for Dickens to put into Oliver Twist the child’s passionate resentment at being abused and starved that had haunted his own abused childhood.

One of Ernest’s first stories ‘In Our Time’ went right down to the bottom of all that he had ever felt and known.

In ‘This Side of Paradise’ I wrote about a love affair that was still bleeding as fresh as the skin wound on a haemophile.

The amateur, seeing how the professional having learned all that he’ll ever learn about writing

can take a trivial thing such as the most superficial reactions of three uncharacterized girls and make it witty and charming —

the amateur thinks he or she can do the same.

But the amateur can only realize his ability to transfer his emotions to another person

by some such desperate and radical expedient as tearing your first tragic love story out of your heart and putting it on pages for people to see.

That, anyhow, is the price of admission.

Whether you are prepared to pay it or, whether it coincides or conflicts with your attitude on what is ‘nice’ is something for you to decide.

But literature, even light literature, will accept nothing less from the neophyte.

It is one of those professions that wants the ‘works.’

You wouldn’t be interested in a soldier who was only a little brave, would you?"

Hemingway snorted, "What would you know of 'brave?'"

Fitzgerald smiled drily, "I was married to Zelda, remember?"


He turned to me.

"If you want to get into the big time, you have to have your own fences to jump and learn from experience.

Nobody ever became a writer just by wanting to be one.

If you have anything to say, anything you feel nobody has ever said before, 

you have got to feel it so desperately that you will find some way to say it that nobody has ever found before,

so that the thing you have to say and the way of saying it blend as one matter—as indissolubly as if they were conceived together."


The ghost of Mark Twain settled in the chair on the other side of me as he shook his head.

"Lord, but don't you boys love to pontificate in prose storm clouds!"

He slapped my arm.  "I will tell you the simple secrets of writing well:

An author should say what he is proposing to say, not merely come near it.

He should use the right word, not its second cousin.

And above all else he should eschew surplusage!"

Hemingway groused, "I need another drink."

To those of you who
wrote me here and by email,
encouraging me
about my own doubts --

THANK YOU
FOR LIVING MY BELIEF:

WE DO NOT HAVE TO
WALK IN THE DARK ALONE!



WORLD BUILDING





The art of creating worlds is crucial to good Fantasy and Science Fiction.

There are four basic parts of a story: plot, character, setting, and theme.  

You cannot be a good writer unless you can command each of these.

If you have a mediocre, predictable, or contrived plot, your book will bore readers.

If your characters are two dimensional, unmotivated, or cliché, readers will not care about what happens to them in your story.

Theme is what makes a story more meaningful than mere entertainment.

But what sets Fantasy and Science Fiction apart from other genres is the setting.

Think MINORITY REPORT:

The story of a rogue police detective dodging a former colleague because he's been set up by the authorities sounds like a fairly typical mystery/thriller. 

But what if the crime the detective was accused of hasn't actually happened yet, but was only predicted by a police psychic? 

Suddenly you have the brilliant Science Fiction movie Minority Report. 

Gattaca is essentially a thriller centered around an identity theft crime. 

But what makes the story Science Fiction is its setting in a eugenic society based on DNA determinism.

A story about an engineer hired to help build a ceramic engine for a race car transforms into a fantasy story when you find out why the owners want a ceramic engine. 

They are "allergic" to iron because they happen to be elves.

To be a good writer you need to know character, plot, and theme.

But to be a good Fantasy and Science Fiction writer, you need to master setting.

This is true even if your world is not a major focus of your story.

Alien for example has two worlds:

the barren, stormy planet where they discover the derelict alien spacecraft, 

and the Nostramo.

You never see the ship's engines or learn anything about how they work, 

you never learn much about the politics of Earth,

You learn absolutely nothing about the mysterious alien wreck,

There's little there about the technology of the android, or any of that.

The rest of the universe, the "Corporation", the government, is essentially implied, 

but it's there enough that you are aware of a world bigger than the Nostramo.

There's just enough to give the alien good hiding spaces for it to jump out and slaughter the crew one at a time.

The key is that those hiding spaces don't come across as meaningless or contrived like the Chompers in Galaxy Quest.

Nor do you need to create a universe that is totally original or free of those dreaded Fantasy clichés. 

Think about the "greats:"

Fantasy worlds like Middle Earth, the lands of Jordan's Wheel of Time, Discworld

These worlds are made up, in many cases of pieces borrowed from other sources.  

Tolkien took most of his world from ancient Norse mythology and Celtic legend. 

Discworld is an intentional hodgepodge of other fantasy ideas.

The worlds of Dungeons and Dragons are so derivative of Tolkien, it was nearly sued out of existence in its early days.

The pieces may not be entirely original, 

but the whole is a world that sucks the reader in and keeps them coming back.

And that's the key for creating a realistic world for your story, creating the world as a whole.


Our world, its physics, geography, environment, biology, and the human cultures and civilizations on it

 all connect in complex interdependent systems.

You don't have to detail every aspect of your world, 

nor does your world have to be totally feasible from a purely scientific standpoint.

But if your world can reflect some of that complexity 

it will make your imaginary world more real to your reader.

It will anchor your characters to the environment, anchor the plot in a greater flow of history,

 and especially in Science Fiction and Fantasy, provide a foundation for the development of your theme.

All this is not to say that your worlds have to be completely scientifically realistic.

Middle Earth, geographically speaking, doesn't work.

There should be a rain shadow east of the Misty Mountains 

that would make the huge forest of Mirkwood impossible.

The reality of Middle Earth is in its history.


The Emin Muil isn't barren and rugged because of geological forces like volcanism. 

It's there because of the wars 3000 years before that destroyed it.

J.R.R. Tolkien studied languages. 

Especially the history and development of English and related Germanic/Scandinavian tongues. 

He began playing around at inventing a language or two of his own.

He combined this with his love of the legends and mythology of England 

and

slowly began crafting a history to explain the development of the languages he was inventing.

(In other words, the model for creating worlds suggested by this post is hardly gospel, 

there are other ways of achieving the goal of creating a world that becomes real to your readers)

That story is the basis of the quintessential fantasy, The Lord of the Rings.

One of the reasons readers enthusiastically return again and again to Middle Earth 

is because the history of Middle Earth lends power to the narrative.

The characters aren't just slogging their way over hills, 

but treading across ancient battlefields, skirting ruins of ancient towers, walking through forests planted in the dawn of the world.

That history gives the world of middle earth a reality that sucks the reader into the story.


George Lucas's Star Wars universe was never very well developed, 

especially from a technology standpoint, but it still works.

For example, when we first see the Millennium Falcon 

and Luke comments, "What a hunk of junk!" Han counters, "She can make point five factors past light speed."

Now we are never told exactly how fast a "factor" is or why only one half of a factor is so blazingly fast.

But we can easily infer from the reactions of the characters, and the confidence of Han, 

that whatever the speed is, it's considerably faster than usual for small, run-down cargo ships.

You're never told anything about the engineering behind a "blaster"

notice they avoid the term "laser" when talking about hand held weapons- or what kind of engines the ships use. 

That's all black box technology.

The important thing is that when you pull the trigger the gun shoots, and it fires consistently.

You don't get a gun barely wounding a person in one scene 

when in the scene just before the same gun blew a cubic foot hole in a stone wall.

When you push the throttle forward the ship speeds up.

Or when the engine breaks down and Han and Chewie start fixing it, 

you may not have any idea what the "transtator" does, but they clearly do.

I do have a hard science buddy 

who always complains about how the fighters 

fly more like airplanes in an atmosphere rather than a space ship in micro-gravity.

But as long as it's the way things consistently work 

your reader has a much easier time "suspending their disbelief" and living in your world with your characters.

 TOMORROW:

MORE ABOUT WORLD BUILDING

Tuesday, May 5, 2015

WHERE DO I BEGIN? INSECURE WRITERS SUPPORT




There is nothing as powerful as a changed mind

You can change your hair color, your clothing, your address, your spouse ...

But if you don't change your mind, the same results will happen again and again and again.

Most people will never grow because 

they will not step up and raise their acceptable standard, 

working through whatever barriers are holding them back.


WHERE TO START?

For writers that is the unsettling question they ask themselves when they face that first blank page.

When you step through your fears, you transcend the old you. 

We writers will find that our books will flow easier ... once we start them.


What will be your first paragraph ... your first sentence ... your first word?

What is your opening supposed to do?

Your beginning must grab the reader's attention 

and compel her or him to keep on reading to find out what happens next.

It should be evocative of the novel as a whole.


But how?

It is really THREE QUESTIONS.


1.) THE ARTISTIC QUESTION

What is your story about?  Do you have the basic plot down ... 

or like William Faulkner with his THE SOUND AND THE FURY, do you only have a vivid image from which to start?


2.) THE LOGISTIC QUESTION

 This deals with the technical aspects of the story:

Who is telling the story?  Third person or first person?  

Where is the story taking place?  

When does the story take place (era) and in the lives of the characters (developmental).   

How do you portray the plot of the story?  Backwards or forward or back and forth as with LORD JIM.

What does the MC want and why?  Who blocks the road to that goal and why?  

What effect do you want to make on the reader?

The answers to these questions will shape your novel in ways that will have long-range consequences.


3.) THE PSYCHOLOGICAL QUESTION

Most of us go through life with our brakes on.  Step on the gas!  

Give yourself over totally to your dream.  Believe in your self enough to pound at those keys EVERY DAY.

Decide you are going to push yourself to write every day better than you did yesterday.

Each day is YOUR day.  Persevere each hour, each day, each week, each month ...

And you will see an improvement in your work.


MORE IMPORTANT

In your beginning have your character driven by need 

to walk through a doorway of no return as with Caesar crossing the Rubicon.


EVEN MORE IMPORTANT

You have 10 SECONDS to hook your reader or editor ... that's your first paragraph.

That 10 SECOND fact applies to the beginning of each chapter.

In THE GOOD GUY by Dean Koontz, 

a lonely man in a bar is mistakenly paid by a stranger to kill a woman.  

The real hit man sits next to him soon after.  

And the man gives the down payment to the killer to NOT KILL the woman.

He knows that soon both men will realize what has happened ... 

and his life and the woman's will be in deadly jeopardy.

The rest of the novel flows from there.



MOST IMPORTANT

Conflict only rivets attention if EMOTIONAL ATTACHMENT has been established.

Your novel isn't about your MC -- 

It is about things HAPPENING to your MC, crafted in a way that makes us care about her or him.

In the start of THE GOOD GUY

we see a lonely man for whom the bartender cares and for whom he is deeply concerned.  

We see the lonely, haunted man sucked into a situation that makes us ask what we would do in a similar situation.


Koontz tells us less, not more.

He opens with a situation in which his protagonist has to react, make decisions, take action.  

He had something vital at stake in the opening scene.  

Koontz Shows us who the MC is 

via those decisions and actions, and thus makes us care about who he was, as well as who he will become.

I hope this has helped in some way.

HAPPY BIRTHDAY, NELLIE BLY



All through my novels are strong willed women from history:

Ada Byron, inventor of the first computer language 100 years before the creation of the computer.

Margaret Fuller, first American woman foreign correspondent 

and fellow transcendentalist with Ralph Waldo Emerson -- who covered the Italian Civil War, marrying one of the rebels.

Abigail Adams, intelligent first lady and fiery free thinker.


How could I not honor the 151st birthday of 
Nellie Bly 

who was a trailblazing journalist,

 an unwavering champion for women 

and the working poor, and a brilliant muckracker. 

One of her most famous assignments was for the the New York World 

where she posed as a mentally ill woman and exposed the horrors of a women's asylum on Blackwell's Island.

 She was a pioneer in her field, and launched a new kind of investigative journalism.

I would have loved to have accompanied her on her race to beat Jules Verne's 80 days around the world.

She did it in 72 by the way.  

Way to go, Nellie!